# 命令式

* 巴利语：
* 英语: imperative mood
* 缩写： imp.
* 其他名称： 命令式，祈使语气

## 定义：

> * （1）命令语气用于下达命令:tena hi,gaccha,很好，你去吧！
>
> * （2）表示请求:bhante bhagavā appossukko viharatu,主人啊，就让世尊无忧无虑地住着吧！
>
> * （3）祝愿，祝福:vassasataṃ jīva,祝你长命百岁！
>
> * （4）前面加上mā，命令语气第二人称表示简单的禁止:mā evaṃ karortha,不要这样做！
>
> * （5）bhavati(是)的命令语气第三人称单数常常用作惯用语，含有“好吧”的意思:hotu, ahaṃ jānissāmi,好吧，我会注意的。
>
> > ——《实用巴利语语法》Charles Duroiselle 著 需要补充

## 常见用途：

需要补充

## 语尾表

|      | 单数               | 复数   | 反照态 单数 | 反照态 复数 |
| ---- | ---------------- | ---- | ------ | ------ |
| 第三人称 | -tu              | -ntu | -taṃ   | -ntaṃ  |
| 第二人称 | <p>-hi<br>-x</p> | -tha | -ssu   | -vho   |
| 第一人称 | -āmi             | -āma | -e     | -āmase |

例词 karoti

|      | 单数                                        | 复数                                          | 反照态 单数                                | 反照态 复数                       |
| ---- | ----------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------- | ---------------------------- |
| 第三人称 | <p>karo<strong>tu</strong><br>kubbatu</p> | <p>karo<strong>ntu</strong><br>kubbantu</p> | <p>kurutaṃ<br>kubbataṃ</p>            | kubbantaṃ                    |
| 第二人称 | <p>karo<strong>hi</strong><br>kubbāhi</p> | <p>karo<strong>tha</strong><br>kubbatha</p> | <p>karassu<br>kurussu<br>kubbassu</p> | <p>kuruvho<br>kubbavho</p>   |
| 第一人称 | <p>karo<strong>mi</strong><br>kubbāmi</p> | <p>karo<strong>ma</strong><br>kubbāma</p>   | <p>kare<br>kubbe</p>                  | <p>karomase<br>kubbāmase</p> |

## 翻译指南

## 进阶用法

> It can be used in 3 senses:
>
> 1. Pañha = this term literally means “a question, a problem” but in this context, its sense is defined as “doubt or uncertainty in a particular course of action or state of events”.
> 2. E.g. I may learn French or English. (The underlined words are represented in Pali in He is probably in America. Imperative mood)
> 3. Patthana = this term means “an expression of a wish, a desire, longing”.
> 4. E.g. May he arrive there safely! (The underlined words are represented in Pali in Imperative mood)
> 5. Vidhi = Depending on the context, this term means a request, a command, an advice or giving permission.
> 6. E.g. so gacchatu (Imperative mood, 3rd per. sing. Parassapada form < √ gam)
>    * Request: Please let him go.
>
>    * Command: He must go.
>
>    * Advice: He should go, or he ought to go.
>
>    * Permission: He may go, or he is permitted to go.
>
> > sadda pan goun

## 参考手册
